Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Unadjusted rates of potentially preventable hospitalization: 2010-2014.
Note: Source is Medicare claims data (2010-2014).
- Figure 2.
Adjusted odds ratios for factors associated with potentially preventable hospitalization: 2010-2014.
MMC = Medicare Managed Care; PCP = primary care physician.
Notes: Source is Medicare claims data (2010-2014). Regression results are presented in Supplemental Table 6, available at https://www.AnnFamMed.org/content/18/6/511/suppl/DC1/.
- Figure 3.
Adjusted predicted rates of potentially preventable hospitalization: 2010-2014.
Notes: Source is Medicare claims data (2010-2014). Regression results are presented in Supplemental Table 6, available at https://www.AnnFamMed.org/content/18/6/511/suppl/DC1/.
Tables
- Table 1.
Characteristics of Patients With Potentially Preventable and Nonpreventable Hospitalizations in 2010 and 2014
Characteristic 2010 Hospitalizations (N = 1,170,242 Patients) 2014 Hospitalizations (N = 818,229 Patients) Potentially Preventable Nonpreventable P Value or Difference (95% CI) Potentially Preventable Nonpreventable P Value or Difference (95% CI) Patients, No. (%) 196,971 (16.8) 973,271 (83.2) <.001 128,442 (15.7) 689,787 (84.3) <.001 Age, mean (SD), y 80.0 (8.3) 77.6 (7.8) 2.4 (2.3-2.4) 80.2 (8.5) 77.8 (8.1) 2.5 (2.4-2.6) Sex, No. (%) Male 75,237 (38.2) 409,605 (42.1) <.001 47,581 (37.0) 288,293 (41.8) <.001 Female 121,734 (61.8) 563,666 (57.9) <.001 80,861 (63.00) 401,494 (58.2) <.001 Race/ethnicity, No. (%) Non-Hispanic White 155,589 (79.0) 812,528 (83.5) <.001 102,973 (80.2) 581,524 (84.3) <.001 Black 22,208 (11.3) 80,362 (8.3) <.001 13,437 (10.5) 52,833 (7.7) <.001 Hispanic 13,761 (7.0) 55,134 (5.7) <.001 7,913 (6.2) 32,808 (4.8) <.001 Other 5,219 (2.7) 24,411 (2.5) <.001 3,784 (3.0) 19,393 (2.8) <.001 Unknown/missing 194 (0.1) 836 (0.1) <.001 335 (0.3) 3,229 (0.5) <.001 Medicaid, No. (%) No 138,538 (70.3) 797,885 (82.0) <.001 91,324 (71.1) 568,698 (82.5) <.001 Yes 58,433 (29.7) 175,386 (18.0) <.001 37,118 (28.9) 121,089 (17.6) <.001 ZIP code-level median income,a No. (%) Low 54,978 (27.9) 232,111 (23.9) <.001 36,279 (28.3) 164,625 (23.9) <.001 Average 93,791 (47.6) 480,076 (49.3) <.001 61,735 (48.1) 339,375 (49.2) <.001 High 44,091 (22.4) 242,669 (24.9) <.001 27,848 (21.7) 172,545 (25.0) <.001 Missing 4,111 (2.1) 18,415 (1.9) <.001 2,580 (2.0) 13,242 (1.9) <.001 Number of prescriptions, mean (SD) 14.4 (13.7) 10.4 (11.0) 4.0 (3.9-4.1) 17.2 (14.9) 12.7 (12.2) 4.6 (4.4-4.7) Elixhauser index, mean (SD)b 9.1 (8.1) 5.3 (6.9) 3.8 (3.8-3.9) 10.7 (8.7) 6.8 (8.0) 3.9 (3.9-4.0) County-level health resources PCPs per 1,000,c No. (%) Low 12,987 (6.6) 57,800 (6.0) <.001 9,276 (7.2) 44,487 (6.5) <.001 Medium 109,803 (55.8) 532,096 (54.7) <.001 71,792 (56.0) 376,443 (54.7) <.001 High 73,931 (37.6) 382,137 (39.3) <.001 47,173 (36.8) 267,854 (38.9) <.001 MMC penetration, mean (SD), %d 23.6 (14.2) 24.3 (14.1) –0.7(–0.7 to –0.6) 26.9 (13.7) 27.9 (13.5) –0.3(–0.4 to –0.1) Hospitals per 100,000,e No. (%) Low 38,533 (19.6) 197,589 (20.3) <.001 24,512 (19.1) 139,119 (20.2) <.001 Medium 146,6 4 5 ( 74.6) 729,026 (75.0) <.001 94,890 (74.0) 513,130 (74.5) <.001 High 11,542 (5.9) 45,408 (4.7) <.001 8,837 (6.9) 36,527 (5.3) <.001 MMC = Medicare Managed Care; PCP = primary care physician.
Note: Based on 20% random sample of Medicare fee-for-service claims data of included cohort of older adults with at least 1 hospitalization during 2010 or 2014.
↵a Low: <25th percentile; Medium: 25th-75th percentile; High: >75th percentile.
↵b Possible index scores range from 0 (lower disease burden) to 31 (higher disease burden).
↵c Low: <25th percentile (≤0.49 per 1,000); Medium: 25th-75th percentile (0.49-1.04 per 1,000); High: >75th percentile (>1.04 per 1,000).
↵d Percentage of Medicare-eligible patients who chose a Medicare Advantage plan (as opposed to fee for service).
↵e Low: <25th percentile (≤0.996 per 100,000); Medium: 25th-75th percentile (0.996-6.17 per 100,000); High: >75th percentile (>6.17 per 100,000).
Supplemental Appendix, Tables, Figures
Supplemental Appendix, Tables, Figures
Files in this Data Supplement:
- Supplemental data - App, Tables, Figures - PDF file
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