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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Dutch Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Person-Centered Primary Care Measure

Talitha Schut, Bernard van de Meeberg, Peter Lucassen, Rebecca S. Etz, Maria van den Muijsenbergh, Reinier P. Akkermans and Tim olde Hartman
The Annals of Family Medicine July 2024, 22 (4) 288-293; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.3135
Talitha Schut
1Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Services, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
MD
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Bernard van de Meeberg
1Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Services, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Peter Lucassen
1Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Services, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
MD, PhD
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  • For correspondence: peter.lucassen@radboudumc.nl
Rebecca S. Etz
2Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
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Maria van den Muijsenbergh
1Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Services, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
MD, PhD
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Reinier P. Akkermans
1Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Services, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
MSc
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Tim olde Hartman
1Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Services, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
MD, PhD
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    Figure 1.

    Scatter plot of PCPCM and QUOTE total scores.

    R2 linear = 0.476

    PCPCM = Person-Centered Primary Care Measure; QUOTE = Quality of Care Through the Patient’s Eyes.

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    Table 1.

    Characteristics of Study Participants

    CharacteristicsNo. (%)Total PCPCM ScoreP value
    Age, y
      <203 (1.5)3.18<.001
      20-2925 (12.2)2.70
      30-3933 (16.1)3.09
      40-4933 (16.1)3.24
      50-5936 (17.6)3.08
      60-6930 (14.6)3.47
      70-7928 (13.7)3.33
      80-898 (3.9)3.80
      Missing9 (4.4)…
    Sex
      Male76 (37.1)3.22.591
      Female121 (59.0)3.17
      Missing8 (3.9)…
    Health status
      5 (excellent)16 (7.8)3.39.784
      4 (very good)35 (17.1)3.23
      3 (good)82 (40.0)3.18
      2 (fair)47 (22.9)3.11
      1 poor)12 (5.9)3.22
      Missing13 (6.3)…
    Practice No.
      178 (38.0)3.27.002
      236 (17.6)2.95
      349 (23.9)3.02
      442 (20.5)3.41
    • PCPCM = Person-Centered Primary Care Measurement.

    • View popup
    Table 2.

    Descriptive Statistics for the PCPCM and QUOTE Items

    Item (No.)1MeanSDVarianceSkewnessKurtosisItem-total Correlation
    PCPCM 1 (202)3.480.7280.529−1.3391.3480.407
    PCPCM 2 (201)3.500.7080.501−1.2290.7420.637
    PCPCM 3 (195)3.570.6570.432−1.4691.7940.762
    PCPCM 4 (175)3.310.8490.720−1.0380.2440.717
    PCPCM 5 (198)2.721.1971.432−0.228−1.4460.293
    PCPCM 6 (195)2.551.1181.2490.000−1.3640.510
    PCPCM 7 (159)3.180.8750.766−0.753−0.3390.738
    PCPCM 8 (159)3.160.9540.910−0.821−0.4400.638
    PCPCM 9 (155)2.891.0421.085−0.406−1.0970.647
    PCPCM 10 (184)3.330.8120.660−1.0490.4010.647
    PCPCM 11 (134)3.360.8170.668−0.918−0.3620.474
    QUOTE 1 (185)3.710.6000.360−2.3766.212…
    QUOTE 2 (186)3.740.5410.292−1.9652.938…
    QUOTE 3 (185)3.910.3180.101−3.93516.248…
    QUOTE 4 (186)3.600.6610.437−1.6132.167…
    QUOTE 5 (181)3.620.6360.404−1.7042.763…
    QUOTE 6 (186)3.680.6350.403−2.1644.715…
    • PCPCM = Person-Centered Primary Care Measure; QUOTE = Quality of Care Through the Patient’s Eyes survey.

    • ↵1 The number of valid answers for each item.

    • View popup
    Table 3.

    Fit Measures Confirmative Factor Analysis for the PCPCM

    Measure1 Factor2 Factor3 Factor4 FactorCut-off for Good Fit (P value)
    χ2<0.0001<0.0001<0.0001<0.0001>.05
    GFI0.75000.80780.87790.8991≥.95
    AGFI0.62500.70490.80350.8247≥.90
    NFI0.71400.77300.86880.8937≥.95
    NNFI0.67530.74590.86610.8894≥.95
    CFI0.74020.80130.90020.9236>.90
    RMSEA0.17770.15720.11410.1037<.08
    SRMR0.10550.09240.06720.0624<.08
    • AGFI = adjusted goodness of fit; CFI = comparative fit index; GFI = goodness of fit; NFI = normed fit index; NNFI = non-normed fit index; PCPCM = Person-Centered Primary Care Measure; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; SRMR = standardized root mean square residual.

Additional Files

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  • PLAIN-LANGUAGE ARTICLE SUMMARY

    Original Research 

    Dutch Version of the Person-Centered Primary Care Measure Survey Demonstrates Sufficient Validity and Sufficient Reliability for Use in Dutch Primary Care Practices

    Background and Goal: Person-centered care focuses on treating patients as individuals with unique needs and involving them actively in their care decisions. The Person-Centered Primary Care Measure (PCPCM) is a recently developed, patient-reported survey able to assess person-centeredness. The PCPCM has demonstrated strong validity and reliability. The goal of this study was to translate the original PCPCM survey into Dutch, adapt the survey for people with low literacy, and evaluate its structure, consistency, and accuracy.

    Study Approach: The survey was translated into Dutch and then back to English to ensure accuracy. The Dutch version was then tested to make sure it worked well for Dutch-speaking primary care patients, particularly those with low literacy. To confirm that the Dutch version of the survey accurately measured person-centered care, researchers compared it with a relevant selection of questions from another established survey, the Quality of Care Through the Patient’s Eyes (QUOTE) questionnaire. To ensure the Dutch survey’s reliability and consistency in its results, researchers conducted this comparison in a cross-sectional study. 

    Main Results: A total of 205 patients from four general practices completed the survey. Analysis showed that the survey worked better with three factors: comprehensiveness of care, personal relationship, and contextual care. The survey was found to be reliable in measuring person-centered care. It also showed a strong agreement with the QUOTE survey, indicating it accurately measured person-centered care.

     Why It Matters: Validated outcome measures of important constructs such as patient centered care are important for future high quality research relevant to family medicine. Careful validation of translated tools allows for valid international comparisons.  

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The Annals of Family Medicine: 22 (4)
The Annals of Family Medicine: 22 (4)
Vol. 22, Issue 4
July/August 2024
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Dutch Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Person-Centered Primary Care Measure
Talitha Schut, Bernard van de Meeberg, Peter Lucassen, Rebecca S. Etz, Maria van den Muijsenbergh, Reinier P. Akkermans, Tim olde Hartman
The Annals of Family Medicine Jul 2024, 22 (4) 288-293; DOI: 10.1370/afm.3135

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Dutch Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Person-Centered Primary Care Measure
Talitha Schut, Bernard van de Meeberg, Peter Lucassen, Rebecca S. Etz, Maria van den Muijsenbergh, Reinier P. Akkermans, Tim olde Hartman
The Annals of Family Medicine Jul 2024, 22 (4) 288-293; DOI: 10.1370/afm.3135
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