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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Agile Implementation of a Digital Cognitive Assessment for Dementia in Primary Care

Diana Summanwar, Nicole R. Fowler, Dustin B. Hammers, Anthony J. Perkins, Jared R. Brosch and Deanna R. Willis
The Annals of Family Medicine May 2025, 23 (3) 199-206; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.240294
Diana Summanwar
1Department of Family Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
MD
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  • For correspondence: dsummanw@iu.edu dsummanw@iuhealth.org
Nicole R. Fowler
2Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
3Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Indianapolis, Indiana
PhD, MHSA
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Dustin B. Hammers
4Department of Statistics and Data Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
PhD, ABPP-CN
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Anthony J. Perkins
4Department of Statistics and Data Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
MS
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Jared R. Brosch
5Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
MD
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Deanna R. Willis
1Department of Family Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
MD, MBA
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    Figure 1.

    Cumulative Percentage of Unique Eligible Patients Within Scope Who Completed a DCA Screening Between June 1, 2022 and May 31, 2023, Overall and by Clinic

    DCA = digital cognitive assessment.

Tables

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    Table 1.

    Baseline Characteristics of Participating Primary Care Clinics

    ClinicLocationaNo. of patients aged ≥65 yearsbNo. of cliniciansPatient race and ethnicity, %Patient insurance, %Patient ADI national percentilec
    Black/African AmericanHispanic/LatinoMedicareMedicaidCommercialNone
    1Suburban1,69057.12.837.315.145.91.559
    2Suburban1,93072.32.437.315.145.91.559
    3Urban314339.01.042.69.346.51.379
    4Suburban1,69738.72.590.70.19.10.124
    5Urban1,3247151.47.113.050.013.017.066
    6Suburban1,547105.41.717.210.071.31.324
    7Urban3,000928.63.031.713.852.81.466
    • ADI = Area Deprivation Index.

    • ↵a Clinics 3 and 4 were value-based clinics; clinic 5 was an academic medical center clinic with a residency program, located in a Health Professional Shortage Area; and clinic 7 was an academic medical center clinic located in a Health Professional Shortage Area.

    • ↵b Number of unique patients in this age group seen per year.

    • ↵c Possible values range from 1 to 100; higher values indicate greater socioeconomic disadvantage.

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    Table 2.

    Criteria for Digital Cognitive Assessment Tool Selection

    Stakeholder groupCriteria assessed by stakeholder groupRelative weight within stakeholder group criteriaa
    ResearchDemonstrated accuracy of primary care physician result interpretation0.219
    Access to aggregate data reporting for all patients to whom the DCA is administered0.213
    Demonstrated evidence base for methodologic approach behind the DCA0.201
    Ability to link DCA results to clinical data0.189
    Promotes or supports research work across Indiana University ADRD research portfolio0.177
    ClinicalEase of report acquisition (eg, portal delivery)0.235
    Ease of setup (getting patient ready to use the DCA)0.220
    Types of platforms and devices that can be used0.212
    Ease of report interpretation0.197
    Duration of DCA screening (how long it takes)0.136
    Patient and medical assistantEase of use for patients0.330
    Expected patient willingness0.330
    Ability to integrate into clinic workflow for staff0.330
    • ADRD = Alzheimer disease and related dementias; DCA = digital cognitive assessment.

    • ↵a Possible values range from 0 to 1.0, with values within each group summing to 1.0. Higher values indicate greater perceived importance of the criterion relative to others in the group.

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    Table 3.

    Clinic-Specific Workflow Adaptations

    Development and dissemination of succinct training videos for the independent instruction of medical assistants in the administration of DCA
    Extension of the BHN’s duties to include the calculation of anticholinergic burden scores
    Establishment of a backup system to ensure BHN’s reliable communications of results
    Customization of screening workflows, using the digital tool’s configurability, offering options from a comprehensive 15-minute DCA inclusive of a lifestyle survey to a brief 3-minute assessment
    Enhancements to the result display, to improve interpretation of results for clinicians
    Streamlining of the referral process to geriatrics, neurology, and research studies
    • BHN = brain health navigator; DCA = digital cognitive assessment.

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The Annals of Family Medicine: 23 (3)
The Annals of Family Medicine: 23 (3)
Vol. 23, Issue 3
May/June 2025
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Agile Implementation of a Digital Cognitive Assessment for Dementia in Primary Care
Diana Summanwar, Nicole R. Fowler, Dustin B. Hammers, Anthony J. Perkins, Jared R. Brosch, Deanna R. Willis
The Annals of Family Medicine May 2025, 23 (3) 199-206; DOI: 10.1370/afm.240294

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Agile Implementation of a Digital Cognitive Assessment for Dementia in Primary Care
Diana Summanwar, Nicole R. Fowler, Dustin B. Hammers, Anthony J. Perkins, Jared R. Brosch, Deanna R. Willis
The Annals of Family Medicine May 2025, 23 (3) 199-206; DOI: 10.1370/afm.240294
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Keywords

  • dementia screening
  • primary health care
  • digital cognitive assessment
  • quality improvement
  • workflow
  • implementation science
  • health informatics
  • cognitive dysfunction
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • neuropsychologic tests
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