Improving Erectile Dysfunction Management Among Asian Men With Diabetes Using the Knowledge Translation Intervention

Article Figures & Data

Table 1.

Sociodemographic Characteristics of Participants (N = 120)

Characteristic	Total No. (%)	Groups (n = 60 per group)		P Value
Characteristic	Total No. (%)	Control No. (%)	Intervention No. (%)	P Value
Age, y
<40	10 (8.4)	5 (8.3)	5 (8.3)	.980^{^a}
40-59	37 (30.8)	19 (31.7)	18 (30.8)
≥60	73 (60.8)	36 (60.0)	37 (60.8)
Ethnicity
Malay	101 (84.2)	48 (80.0)	53 (88.3)	.211^{^a}
Non-Malay	19 (15.8)	12 (20.0)	7 (11.7)
Employment
Employed	46 (38.3)	27 (45.0)	19 (31.7)	.133^{^a}
Not employed	74 (61.7)	33 (55.0)	41 (68.3)
Education
Primary	9 (7.5)	6 (10.0)	3 (5.0)	.099^{^b}
Secondary	79 (65.8)	43 (71.7)	36 (60.0)
Tertiary	32 (26.7)	11 (18.3)	21 (35.0)
Monthly household income, MYR
<3,710	106 (88.4)	53 (88.3)	53 (88.3)	.613^{^b}
3,710-7549	10 (8.3)	4 (6.7)	6 (10.0)
>7,550	4 (3.3)	3 (5.0)	1 (1.7)
Marital status
Single	7 (5.8)	3 (5.0)	4 (6.7)	.786^{^b}
Married	110 (91.7)	56 (93.3)	54 (90.0)
Widower	3 (2.5)	1 (1.7)	2 (3.3)
Severity of ED
None	28 (23.3)	18 (30.0)	10 (16.7)	.098^{^a}
Mild	38 (31.7)	21 (35.0)	17 (28.3)
Moderate	40 (33.3)	14 (23.3)	26 (43.3)
Severe	14 (11.7)	7 (11.7)	7 (11.7)

Table 2.

Initiation of Discussion and Prescription of a PDE5 Inhibitor Between Groups (N = 120)

Characteristic	Total No. (%)	Groups (n = 60 per group)		P Value
Characteristic	Total No. (%)	Control No. (%)	Intervention No. (%)	P Value
Initiation of ED discussion (n = 120)
Yes	45 (37.5)	5 (8.3)	40 (66.7)	<.001^{^a}
No	75 (62.5)	55 (91.7)	20 (33.3)
PDE5 inhibitor prescription (n = 45)
Yes	23 (51.1)	0 (0.0)	23 (57.5)	.022^{^b}
No	22 (48.9)	5 (100.0)	17 (42.5)

Table 3.

Simple Logistic Regression of Associated Factors for Initiation of Discussion and Prescription of a PDE5 Inhibitor in the Intervention Group (N = 60)

Characteristic	Initiation of Discussion (n = 60)		PDE5 Inhibitor Prescription (n = 40)
Characteristic	Crude OR (95% CI)	P Value	Crude OR (95% CI)	P Value
Age, y
<40	Ref	…	Ref	…
40-59	5.25 (0.64-43.13)	.123	1.53 (0.13-17.33)	.727
≥60	2.77 (0.41-18.74)	.296	3.40 (0.35-33.40)	.294
Ethnicity
Malay	Ref	…	Ref	…
Non-Malay	3.35 (0.38-29.96)	.279	2.39 (0.48-11.80)	.286
Employment
Employed	Ref	…	Ref	…
Not employed	1.26 (0.40-3.93)	.695	1.54 (0.49-4.85)	.465
Education
Primary	Ref 1		Ref	…
Secondary	0.89 (0.73-10.72)	.923	1.43 (0.19-17.23)	.779
Tertiary	1.25 (0.95-16.50)	.865	1.00 (0.08-13.01)	1.000
Monthly household income, MYR
<3,710	Ref	…	Ref	…
≥3,710	1.29 (0.23-7.29)	.777	0.24 (0.03-2.09)	.194
Marital status
Married	Ref	…	Ref	…
Single	2.71 (0.29-24.95)	.378	0.29 (0.32-2.66)	.274
Severity of ED
Mild	Ref	…	Ref	…
Moderate	1.55 (0.49-4.80)	.450	6.00 (1.73-20.82)	.004^{^a}
Severe	4.13 (0.43-39.21)	.217	3.30 (0.55-19.65)	.190

ED = erectile dysfunction; MYR = Malaysian Ringgit currency; OR = odds ratio; PDE5 = phosphodiesterase-5.
↵a P value <.05

Table 4.

Use of LASTED on Discussion Satisfaction and Prescription of PDE5 Inhibitors in the Intervention Group (N = 40)

Outcomes	Total No. (%)	Use of LASTED		P Value
Outcomes	Total No. (%)	Yes (n = 33) No. (%)	No (n = 7) No. (%)	P Value
Discussion satisfaction
Extremely satisfied	13 (32.5)	13 (39.4)	0 (0.0)	<.001^{^b}
Satisfied	22 (55.0)	20 (60.6)	2 (28.5)
Not sure	3 (7.5)	0 (0.0)	3 (42.8)
Not satisfied	2 (5.0)	0 (0.0)	2 (28.5)
PDE5 inhibitor prescription
Yes	23 (57.5)	22 (66.7)	1 (14.3)	.011^{^a}
No	17 (42.5)	11 (33.3)	6 (85.7)

LASTED = Knowledge Translation Tools in the Management of Erectile Dysfunction; PDE5 = phosphodiesterase-5.
↵a χ² test.
↵b Fisher exact test.

Table 5.

Topics and Types of Treatment Discussed in the Intervention Group (N = 40)